Simons STEMS Scholarship students together with Stony Brook University faculty and TBI staff at Lothagam- Paleontological site in Turkana

Something exciting is happening at the Turkana Basin Institute (TBI), 16 students from Stonybrook University under the Simons STEM Scholars Program are experiencing hands on research and learning scientific discoveries beyond class walls. Supported by faculty members from Stony Brook University and TBI, Dr Dino Martins- Turkana Basin Institute Director, Medina Lubisia- TBI Teaching Assistant,  Dr. Marine Frouin-Assistant Professor; geochronology and luminescence dating, and the Simons STEM Scholarship Program team: Dr. Erwin Cabrera- Executive Director, Dr. Alix Dehayem-Assistant Director and Dr. Kehinde Cole-Senior Research Specialist. The Students are connecting knowledge to the environment and the communities that depend on it. A recent field excursion with the students highlighted the importance of blending ecological research with indigenous knowledge to foster sustainable practices.

A Day in the Field

Did you know there’s a plant that doubles as a toothbrush? In Turkana, the Salvadora persica, also known as the “Etir” in the local language, is a go-to for natural oral hygiene. Its twigs are packed with antibacterial properties, making it an alternative to commercial toothbrushes. Under the guidance of Dr. Martins, the STEM Scholars explored the diverse ecology of Turkana County. The focus was on understanding the balance between nature’s offerings and the challenges they present to local communities and ecosystems.

The students identified 10 key plant species, including: Doum Palm known locally for its cultural and economic significance and Mesquite Prosopis, a plant with both environmental benefits and challenges due to its invasive nature. By understanding these plants’ scientific and local names, the students delved into their roles in the ecosystem and their cultural importance to Turkana’s people.

The Simons STEM Scholars also ventured into the heart of Turkana Basin’s geology, an exploration that felt like stepping into a natural time machine. Led by Dr. Marine Frouin, they began by studying maps that geologists have spent decades perfecting, unlocking the secrets of the land. They learned about the minerals that shape the landscape, from shiny quartz to volcanic rocks that tell stories of ancient eruptions. The highlight of the day was visiting the South Turkwel exposure, where students witnessed firsthand how river systems, volcanic eruptions, and tectonic activity have shaped Turkana’s dramatic landscape over millions of years.

Dr. Martins educating students on ecology

Geology learning with Dr. Frouin in the field

Simons STEMS student Spiros Manolas

Livestock Adaptations in Turkana

Livestock, particularly goats and camels, are valuable in Turkana. They provide food, and economic security for local communities. The STEM Scholars observed these animals and learned about their remarkable adaptations to the arid environment. They learned their ability to conserve fluids and go for weeks without drinking water. Their diet is just as impressive—they munch on vegetation like Acacia trees, Doum Palm fruits, and Mesquite pods, all of which are uniquely adapted to Turkana’s harsh climate. These plants not only nourish camels but also play a role in supporting the ecosystem.

Left to Right: Camels grazing; the Indigofera Spinosa, a plant that contributes to the pastoral systems in Turkana

Insights from the Friends of Lake Turkana (FoLT)

Beyond ecology, Science merges with community development and The Friends of Lake Turkana (FoLT) organization further enriched the students’ understanding by emphasizing the critical role of science in addressing community and environmental challenges. As advocates for social, economic, cultural, environmental, and territorial justice within the Turkana Basin, FoLT highlighted key areas where research is vital: This included sharing knowledge on preserving ecosystems by using science to safeguard biodiversity and protect vital habitats. Sustainable resource management by balancing the needs of the community with the preservation of land and mineral resources. Developing innovative solutions to combat and adapt to climate change as well as exploring sustainable energy solutions to address regional challenges. By immersing in this learning approach, the sstudents are gaining a great deal of knowledge.

The Simons STEM Scholars Program is dedicated to cultivating the next generation of diverse leaders in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM), while emphasizing leadership development, community service, and the pursuit of advanced degrees.

Dr. Dehayem posing questions on mineral extraction at FoLT

Students oriented on the role of FoLT in Turkana community by FoLT staff, Dismas Achilla.

Students oriented on the role of FoLT in Turkana community by FoLT staff, Dismas Achilla.